Golden Ring of Dzungaria Tour

The Dzungarian Alatau Mountains form a natural boundary with China, stretching over a length of 400 km (250 mi). Nestled within these mountains is the captivating Kora Gorge. At the gorge's base flows the Kora River, originating high in the mountains amidst ancient glaciers. During winter and early spring, the river's waters are serene and transparent. However, as the snow covering the mountain slopes begins to melt, the river transforms into a turbulent force, cascading rigorously over massive boulders and effortlessly toppling age-old trees. The road winding alongside the river is accessible only for cross-country vehicles, offering a thrilling experience for those bold enough to traverse it. As far as the eye can see, lush forests abound, featuring a mix of spruce, fir, birch trees, and meadows adorned with a vibrant carpet of flowers.

Burhan-Bulak Waterfall, the highest in Central Asia, is perched at an elevation of 2000 meters (6562 ft) above sea level. Comprising three cascades, its total height reaches 168 meters (551 ft). A torrent of ice-cold water plummets down, creating a resounding stream that bathes the surroundings in a myriad of sprays. Clear streams flow against the backdrop of reddish rocks adorned with emerald moss. The captivating scene is further enhanced by dozens of colorful rainbows. When winter arrives, the waterfall dons an icy garment. However, to witness the true grandeur of Burhan-Bulak Waterfall, one should visit in July, when the volume of water reaches its peak.

The Kalakai Prehistoric Monument is a circular arrangement of stones with a diameter of 100 meters (109 yd). At its center lies a massive glacial boulder, a remnant from the bygone era of glaciers. Adjacent to it, a cross made of large stones is aligned with the cardinal points: north-south and east-west. In its entirety, the monument bears a resemblance to a colossal sundial and calendar. With the mountains situated to the north and south and the plain stretching east and west, this circle enables precise tracking of sunrise and sunset, solstices, and equinoxes. Within this complex, there is another significant stone adorned with drawings and containing sacrificial wells. Near the monument, numerous Scythian mounds add to the historical landscape.

The Aulie Tas Rock is a boulder that, when viewed from a specific angle, takes on the shape of a heart. Nestled in a hilly area, the stone remains hidden from casual onlookers and cannot be seen from the nearby roads. Only those who have been there before can find the way to it. The main boulder is split into two parts, creating a narrow passage between them. According to local lore, only a person with pure thoughts can successfully pass through this passage. At the stone's base, there is a notch resembling a womb with a baby, showcasing clear imprints of hands, knees, and forehead. Legend has it that a girl, struggling to become a mother, frequented this stone seeking help. The imprints of her hands, etched into the solid granite, tell the story. Although the outcome of her plea remains unknown, the stone continues to draw pilgrims to this day.

Lake Jasylkol graces the northern slope of the Dzungarian Alatau Ridge, nestled at an elevation of 1640 meters (5380 ft) above sea level. Extending over a length of 2,070 meters (1.2 mi), this lake remained largely untouched by human activity until the 1980s. Fed by the Agynykatty River, which originates from the glaciers of Dzungarian Alatau, the waters of Lake Jasylkol exhibit captivating hues of blue and green. Journeying to this pristine lake offers an opportunity to immerse oneself in unspoiled nature and revel in its enchanting vistas.

The Lepsi district is situated in the high mountainous region along the upper reaches of the Lepsy River, at an elevation of 1000 meters (3280 ft) above sea level. The surrounding area is exceptionally picturesque and remains largely untouched by human economic activity. Dense forests, pristine lakes, and crystal-clear rivers characterize this landscape. The local population is primarily involved in cattle breeding and agriculture. With numerous honey apiaries in the vicinity, the conditions are favorable for producing high-quality honey, making beekeeping a common occupation. The local honey is renowned as one of the best in Kazakhstan. Notably, in the Oi-Jailau valley on June 4, 1846, an agreement was signed, marking the accession of the Senior Juz (southern territory of modern-day Kazakhstan) to the Russian Empire.

Archaeological findings suggest that Lepsi was already inhabited in the 12th century, as evidenced by the discovery of burial stones, known as balbals, dating back to the 10th-12th century. According to local narratives, three mounds in Lepsi once held Turkic stone sculptures made of granite. The first mound was situated near the village council steps, the second stands by a local resident's house, and the third, as the tales go, is buried in the vicinity of Amur Creek.

This region holds profound historical significance for Kazakhstan, as it was here that an agreement for the annexation of the Senior Juz (territories of southern and southeastern Kazakhstan) by the Russian Empire was signed. This agreement was seen as vital, given the Kazakhs' inability to defend their lands against the Jungars and Chinese, prompting them to seek protection from the Russian Empire.

The Cherkas Defense (1918-1919) unfolded amid the Russian Revolution and was marked by intense conflict. It pitted newly settled peasants against Semirechye Cossacks, long-established residents, affluent farmers, and wealthy Kazakh bais (nobles). In essence, it represented a clash between the White movement and Alash Autonomy (a Kazakh proto-state) against the Bolsheviks.

In the 13th and 14th centuries, Koilyk settlement stood as the premier trade, industrial, and cultural hub in the northeastern part of the Jetysu Region. Encircled by a protective wall towering up to 4 meters, the settlement boasted a renowned marketplace. Notably, in addition to Muslim residents, Christians also called Koilyk home and had their own church.

Sarkand was first mentioned in written records in 1857. Originally established as a village by Siberian Cossacks, Sarkand saw an influx of 22 families from Kopal and Lepsi in 1858. Its first school was opened in 1872. In 1928, the Sarkand District was officially formed, comprising Cherkassk and Lepsi counties. By 1968, it had attained town status. Today, Sarkand is a charming albeit modest town. The primary activities of its residents revolve around agriculture, with an emphasis on wine production. Additionally, the town hosts a small brewery and a cheese production plant.