Hazrati Imam (also known as Hast-Imam) is the largest religious and historical complex in Tashkent. It brings together mosques, madrasas, mausoleums, and libraries built across different periods of the city’s history. Although Tashkent is often associated with its modern appearance as a bustling metropolis, Hazrati Imam offers a rare opportunity to discover the city’s ancient roots.

The History of the Complex

The history of Hazrati Imam dates back more than a thousand years and is connected with the name of Abu Bakr Muhammad Kaffal al-Shashi – a renowned Islamic scholar, poet, and philosopher. He was born in Shash (the old name of Tashkent) and gained great respect far beyond his hometown.

After his death, the scholar was buried on the site of today’s complex. His tomb quickly became a place of pilgrimage, and new religious buildings gradually appeared around it. This is why the ensemble became known as Hazrati Imam, which translates as “Holy Imam.”

Over the centuries, the complex was repeatedly rebuilt and expanded. Many of the surviving historic structures date back to the 16th century. After the earthquake of 1966, several buildings were restored and reconstructed. The complex entered a new phase of development in the early 21st century, when the surrounding area was renovated and several structures were restored.

Mausoleum of Kaffal al-Shashi

The oldest monument within the complex is the Mausoleum of Kaffal al-Shashi. The present structure was built in the 16th century on the site of an earlier tomb.

The mausoleum reflects the characteristic style of Shaybanid architecture, with its monumental portal, massive dome, and restrained decorative details.

For believers, the mausoleum is a place to honor the memory of a great Islamic scholar. For travelers, it offers a chance to connect with the story of a man often regarded as one of the spiritual patrons of Tashkent.

Barak Khan Madrasa

One of the most beautiful buildings of the ensemble is the Barak Khan Madrasa, constructed in the 16th century by order of Navruz Ahmad Khan, better known as Barak Khan.

The building is distinguished by its harmonious proportions, grand portals, and traditional turquoise domes that have become a hallmark of Uzbek architecture. The madrasa looks especially impressive against the open square of the complex.

Today, its rooms house workshops of calligraphers and exhibitions dedicated to Islamic culture, the history of writing, and the art of manuscript decoration.

Muyi Mubarak Madrasa

A special place within the complex belongs to the Muyi Mubarak Madrasa. This is where one of the most famous Islamic relics in the world is preserved – the celebrated Uthman Quran.

This handwritten manuscript was created in the 7th century and is considered one of the oldest surviving Qurans in existence. It is believed to have belonged to the third Rashidun caliph, Uthman ibn Affan. Visitors can see dark marks on some pages, which are believed to be traces of the caliph’s blood when he was killed while reading the Quran.

The origin of the madrasa’s name is also connected with a sacred relic. “Muyi Mubarak” means “Blessed Hair” and refers to a hair believed to have belonged to the Prophet Muhammad, which is also preserved here.

Hazrati Imam Mosque

The modern congregational mosque of the complex was built in 2007. Despite its relatively recent construction, it blends harmoniously with the historic surroundings.

Its two minarets, spacious courtyard, mosaic-covered facades, and turquoise domes have made it one of Tashkent’s most recognizable landmarks. During Friday prayers and major religious holidays, thousands of worshippers gather here.

Tilla Sheikh Mosque

Another important monument of the ensemble is the Tilla Sheikh Mosque. Built in 1857, it served for many years as Tashkent’s main Friday mosque.

During the 19th century, some of the city’s most important religious ceremonies were held here. After Uzbekistan gained independence, the mosque became one of the residences of the country’s mufti.

Why Visit Hazrati Imam?

Unlike many historical monuments, Hazrati Imam is not simply an open-air museum. It remains a living religious center where daily prayers take place, Islamic educational institutions continue to operate, and centuries-old spiritual traditions are preserved.

Here, visitors can discover ancient Islamic relics, admire architectural styles from different historical periods, and learn about the history of Tashkent.

Other tourist attractions near the Hazrati Imam Complex:

• Center of Islamic Civilization
• Abdulla Qodiriy Park
• Museum of Nature of Uzbekistan
• Tashkent Planetarium
• Chorsu Bazaar
• Kukeldash Madrasa
• Uzbekistan State Circus